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The method of Gasification is pollution free and hence, very environment friendly, only if properly designed. If done so, they produce minimal level of pollution even if there is the procession of dirty feed stocks like high sulphur coals. Gasification produces inert slag-type by–products as it effects large volume reduction in solid wastes. This is of course, quite environment friendly.
There is also another method is some of the Gasification plants. It takes place with the utilization of three by-products pf Pyrolysis. Then the heat is concentrated on a bed of charcoal, thereby fuelling a second reaction.
Special burners are used for the combustion of the gases which include 10-20% of hydrogen, 1-5% of methane and 15-20% of carbon-monoxide produced by the gasifiers. This is done to achieve maximum efficiency. Low grade waste oils, tar oils and slurries are used for some of the high quality Gasifier systems.
What we have been discussing now is the topmost technological development. There are also simple types of Gasifiers. These simple wood Gasifiers stoves that can be simply made from the junk parts available in various trash bins. The production of wood gasification occurs by the combustion of wood with a controlled amount of oxygen producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide .Under controlled condition the wood cannot burn and hence it turns into gas. This gas is further used for internal combustion engine. The generators built on such wood gas were used by the Europeans during World War II.
A 19th and early 20th century technology, Gasification was an important technology .It has its practical and potential applicability to internal combustion engines. Town gas uses for the purpose of lighting was used as a local business in the early days when the concept of Gasification started.
Generation of electricity in the industrial plants is obtained by the Gasification of wood. Although any type of raw material can be used as a fuel but wood is the generally prescribed preference.
Woody waste such as wood chips, from hard and soft wood, sawdust pellets, coconut shells, nutshells are used for the production of electricity in the Biomass based gasifiers, for example, in Biomass units.
The units heat these fuels with about one-third of the oxygen necessary for complete combustion to produce a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, known as syngas. Biomass energy accounts for about 11% of the global primary energy supply, and it is estimated that about 2 billion people worldwide depend on biomass for their energy needs.
Wood Gasifiers is perceived as a viable technological option because of its prevention of Greenhouse gas emissions. Wood Gasifiers can easily be inculcated into the Gasification Plants and the gas emerging from it can be utilized for lighting the chamber of the furnace. With the use of a Wood Gasifier, a car can also be powered with an ordinary internal combustion engine. | 